Steel

Structural plate, sections and bars to EN, ASTM, JIS, GB, CSA, AS/NZS, IS and GOST.

Standard fromAnywhere

CEN

Mild structural steel

How the S235 equivalents compare

Minimum yield 235–300 MPa. Ordinary carbon steel, easy to weld, cut and form — and its counterparts in other countries.

Grade	Standard	Yield strength at 10 mm	Tensile strength	Closest to	Evidence
S235 Mild structural steel: 235 MPa minimum yield up to 16 mm, 360–510 MPa tensile.	EN 10025-2:2019	≥ 235 MPa4	360–510 MPa4	reference	Confirmed 4 Corroborated 1 Single source 7
S275 Structural steel with 275 MPa minimum yield up to 16 mm, 410–560 MPa tensile.	EN 10025-2:2019	≥ 275 MPa5	410–560 MPa5	reference	Confirmed 5 Corroborated 3 Single source 4 Disagreements explained 2
Q235B China's general structural steel: 235 MPa yield up to 16 mm, 370–500 MPa tensile, 27 J at +20 °C (B).	GB/T 700	≥ 235 MPa3	370–500 MPa3	S235Close match	Confirmed 3 Corroborated 2 Single source 7 Disagreements explained 1
SS400 Japan's general structural steel: 245 MPa yield up to 16 mm, 400–510 MPa tensile. Not intended for welded primary structures.	JIS G 3101	≥ 245 MPa2	400–510 MPa2	S235Approximate	Corroborated 2 Single source 3 Disagreements explained 1
E250 India's general structural steel: 250 MPa yield, 410 MPa tensile, 23 % elongation.	IS 2062:2011	≥ 250 MPa1	≥ 410 MPa1	S235Approximate	Single source 8
A36 The classic US carbon structural steel: 36 ksi (250 MPa) yield, 58–80 ksi (400–550 MPa) tensile.	ASTM A36/A36M	≥ 250 MPa3	400–550 MPa3	S235Approximate	Confirmed 2 Corroborated 1 Single source 2 Disagreements explained 1
300W Canada's most common merchant structural grade: 300 MPa (44 ksi) yield, 65–90 ksi tensile.	CSA G40.21	≥ 300 MPa1	450–620 MPa1	S275Approximate	Single source 9

Higher-strength structural steel — the 355 MPa class

How the S355 equivalents compare

S355 and every grade the world lists against it, compared on what each standard guarantees. Some “equivalents” fall short; their yield shows it.

Grade	Standard	Yield strength at 10 mm	Tensile strength	Closest to	Evidence
S355 Europe's workhorse structural steel: 355 MPa minimum yield up to 16 mm, 470–630 MPa tensile from 3 to 100 mm.	EN 10025-2:2019	≥ 355 MPa7	470–630 MPa9	reference	Confirmed 26 Corroborated 10 Single source 7 Disagreements explained 8
St 52-3 Withdrawn German grade (material number 1.0570), replaced by S355J2 under EN 10025.	DIN 17100	pending	pending	S355Close match	No values yet.
Q355 China's S355 counterpart, which replaced Q345 in GB/T 1591-2018. Q355B/C/D test 34 J at +20/0/−20 °C.	GB/T 1591-2018	≥ 355 MPa3	470–630 MPa2	S355Close match	From the standard 1 Confirmed 2 Corroborated 1 Disagreements explained 2
A572 Grade 50 The common US high-strength structural plate: 50 ksi (345 MPa) yield, 65 ksi (450 MPa) tensile.	ASTM A572/A572M	≥ 345 MPa4	≥ 450 MPa4	S355Approximate	Confirmed 3 Corroborated 4 Single source 2 Disagreements explained 4
350W Canada's standard weldable structural grade: 350 MPa (50 ksi) yield, 450–650 MPa tensile.	CSA G40.21	≥ 350 MPa2	450–655 MPa2	S355Approximate	Corroborated 2 Single source 7 Disagreements explained 1
Grade 350 Australian and New Zealand plate grade: 360 MPa yield up to 12 mm, 450 MPa minimum tensile.	AS/NZS 3678:2016	≥ 360 MPa2	≥ 450 MPa2	S355Approximate	Corroborated 4 Single source 7
E350 Indian structural grade: 350 MPa yield, 490 MPa tensile, 22 % elongation.	IS 2062:2011	≥ 350 MPa1	≥ 490 MPa1	S355Approximate	Single source 9
SM520 JIS grade whose guaranteed yield actually matches S355: 365 MPa up to 16 mm.	JIS G 3106	≥ 365 MPa1	520–640 MPa2	S355Close match	Corroborated 1 Single source 2
SM490 Japanese welded-structure steel; the 490 is minimum tensile strength, yield is 325 MPa.	JIS G 3106	≥ 325 MPa2	490–610 MPa3	S355Not equivalent	Confirmed 1 Corroborated 1 Single source 1 Disagreements explained 1
С355 Russian strength class for building steel: 355 MPa yield from 8 to 16 mm, 470 MPa minimum tensile.	GOST 27772-2015	≥ 355 MPa1	≥ 470 MPa1	S355Close match	From the standard 9
09G2S (09Г2С) Low-alloy chemistry grade often wrongly equated with S355; strength depends on the class ordered.	GOST 19281-2014	≥ 265 MPa1	≥ 430 MPa1	S355Not equivalent	Single source 2
A992 The standard US steel for wide-flange beams: 50 ksi (345 MPa) yield, 65 ksi (450 MPa) tensile, Fy/Fu ≤ 0.85.	ASTM A992/A992M	≥ 345 MPa2	≥ 450 MPa2	S355Approximate	Corroborated 4 Single source 2

High-strength structural steel (420–460 MPa)

Fine-grain steels: normalized (N) and thermomechanically rolled (M). M grades reach the same strength with less carbon, so they weld with less preheat.

Grade	Standard	Yield strength at 10 mm	Tensile strength	Evidence
S420M Thermomechanically rolled fine-grain steel: 420 MPa yield up to 16 mm, 520–680 MPa tensile, low carbon for welding.	EN 10025-4:2019	≥ 420 MPa3	520–680 MPa3	Confirmed 4 Corroborated 5 Single source 7
S460M High-strength sections and plate: 460 MPa yield up to 16 mm, 540–720 MPa tensile, 17 % elongation.	EN 10025-4:2019	≥ 460 MPa3	540–720 MPa3	Confirmed 6 Corroborated 6 Single source 4
S420N Normalized fine-grain steel: 420 MPa yield up to 16 mm, 520–680 MPa tensile up to 100 mm.	EN 10025-3:2019	≥ 420 MPa1	520–680 MPa1	Single source 16
S460N Normalized fine-grain steel: 460 MPa yield up to 16 mm, 540–720 MPa tensile up to 100 mm.	EN 10025-3:2019	≥ 460 MPa1	540–720 MPa1	Single source 14

Hollow sections (SHS, RHS, CHS)

How the S355J2H equivalents compare

Square, rectangular and circular tubes for columns, trusses and frames. Note the different design fu.

Grade	Standard	Yield strength at 10 mm	Tensile strength	Closest to	Evidence
S355J2H Cold-formed welded hollow sections (SHS, RHS, CHS): 355 MPa yield, 470–630 MPa tensile, 27 J at −20 °C.	EN 10219-1	≥ 355 MPa2	470–630 MPa3	reference	Confirmed 1 Corroborated 4 Single source 2
A500 Grade C The usual US HSS grade: 50 ksi (345 MPa) yield shaped, 46 ksi (315 MPa) round, 62 ksi (425 MPa) tensile.	ASTM A500/A500M	≥ 345 MPa2	≥ 425 MPa2	S355J2HApproximate	Corroborated 3 Single source 5
A1085 US HSS with a yield cap: 50–70 ksi (345–483 MPa), 65 ksi (450 MPa) tensile, same for round and shaped.	ASTM A1085/A1085M	345–483 MPa1	≥ 450 MPa1	S355J2HApproximate	Single source 3

Thin-walled steel — coated sheet for cold-formed sections

How the S350GD equivalents compare

Galvanized and metallic-coated sheet, usually 0.4–3 mm, roll-formed into purlins, rails, studs, decking and cladding. Designed to EN 1993-1-3, AISI S100 or AS/NZS 4600. The full-hard grades (S550GD, G550, SS Grade 80) are strong but have almost no elongation.

Grade	Standard	Yield strength	Tensile strength	Closest to	Evidence
S220GD Coated structural sheet: 220 MPa minimum yield, 300 MPa minimum tensile, 20 % elongation (A80).	EN 10346:2015	≥ 220 MPa2	≥ 300 MPa2		Corroborated 3
S250GD Coated structural sheet: 250 MPa minimum yield, 330 MPa minimum tensile, 19 % elongation (A80).	EN 10346:2015	≥ 250 MPa2	≥ 330 MPa2		Corroborated 3
S280GD Coated structural sheet: 280 MPa minimum yield, 360 MPa minimum tensile, 18 % elongation (A80).	EN 10346:2015	≥ 280 MPa2	≥ 360 MPa2		Corroborated 3
S320GD Coated structural sheet: 320 MPa minimum yield, 390 MPa minimum tensile, 17 % elongation (A80).	EN 10346:2015	≥ 320 MPa2	≥ 390 MPa2		Corroborated 3
S350GD The most used steel for cold-formed purlins, light-gauge framing and decking: 350 MPa yield, 420 MPa tensile.	EN 10346:2015	≥ 350 MPa2	≥ 420 MPa2	reference	Corroborated 3 Single source 7
S390GD Coated structural sheet: 390 MPa minimum yield, 460 MPa minimum tensile, 16 % elongation (A80).	EN 10346:2015	≥ 390 MPa1	≥ 460 MPa1		Single source 3
S420GD Coated structural sheet: 420 MPa minimum yield, 480 MPa minimum tensile, 15 % elongation (A80).	EN 10346:2015	≥ 420 MPa1	≥ 480 MPa1		Single source 3
S550GD Full-hard coated sheet: 550 MPa yield, 560 MPa tensile, no elongation requirement.	EN 10346:2015	≥ 550 MPa1	≥ 560 MPa1	reference	Single source 2
A653 SS Grade 33 US galvanized structural sheet: 230 MPa yield, 310 MPa tensile, 20 % elongation in 2 in..	ASTM A653/A653M	≥ 230 MPa2	≥ 310 MPa2		Corroborated 3
A653 SS Grade 37 US galvanized structural sheet: 255 MPa yield, 360 MPa tensile, 18 % elongation in 2 in..	ASTM A653/A653M	≥ 255 MPa2	≥ 360 MPa2		Corroborated 3
A653 SS Grade 40 US galvanized structural sheet: 275 MPa yield, 380 MPa tensile, 16 % elongation in 2 in..	ASTM A653/A653M	≥ 275 MPa1	≥ 380 MPa1		Single source 3
A653 SS Grade 50 Class 1 US counterpart of S350GD: 50 ksi (340 MPa) yield, 65 ksi (450 MPa) tensile for Class 1.	ASTM A653/A653M	≥ 340 MPa2	≥ 450 MPa1	S350GDApproximate	Corroborated 2 Single source 6 Disagreements explained 1
A653 SS Grade 80 US full-hard structural sheet: 80 ksi (550 MPa) yield, 82 ksi (570 MPa) tensile, no elongation requirement.	ASTM A653/A653M	≥ 550 MPa1	≥ 570 MPa1	S550GDClose match	Single source 2 Disagreements explained 1
G300 Australian/NZ coated sheet for formed sections: 300 MPa yield, 340 MPa tensile, good ductility.	AS 1397	≥ 300 MPa1	≥ 340 MPa1		Single source 2
G550 Australian/NZ full-hard sheet for roofing and light framing: 550 MPa yield and tensile, 2 % elongation.	AS 1397	≥ 550 MPa1	≥ 550 MPa1	S550GDClose match	Single source 3
SGC400 Japanese hot-dip galvanized structural sheet: 295 MPa yield, 400 MPa tensile.	JIS G 3302	≥ 295 MPa1	≥ 400 MPa1		Single source 3
SGC490 Japanese hot-dip galvanized structural sheet: 365 MPa yield, 490 MPa tensile.	JIS G 3302	≥ 365 MPa1	≥ 490 MPa1	S350GDApproximate	Single source 3

Reinforcing steel (rebar)

Bars for reinforced concrete. Ductility is the point: the classes differ in how much the bar hardens (Rm/Re) and stretches (Agt) before it breaks.

Grade	Standard	Yield strength	Elongation at maximum force	Evidence
B500A Weldable rebar, ductility class A: 500 MPa characteristic yield, Rm/Re ≥ 1.05, Agt ≥ 2.5 %.	BS 4449:2005+A3:2016	≥ 500 MPa2	≥ 2.5 %3	Confirmed 2 Corroborated 1
B500B Weldable rebar, ductility class B: 500 MPa characteristic yield, Rm/Re ≥ 1.08, Agt ≥ 5 %.	BS 4449:2005+A3:2016	≥ 500 MPa1	≥ 5 %2	Corroborated 2 Single source 1
B500C Weldable rebar, ductility class C: 500 MPa characteristic yield, Rm/Re ≥ 1.15 (< 1.35), Agt ≥ 7.5 %.	BS 4449:2005+A3:2016	≥ 500 MPa1	≥ 7.5 %2	Corroborated 2 Single source 1
A615 Grade 60 The common US rebar: 60 ksi (420 MPa) yield. Not intended for welding; use A706 where welding or seismic ductility matters.	ASTM A615/A615M	≥ 420 MPa2	pending	Corroborated 2 Single source 1 Disagreements explained 1
A706 Grade 60 US low-alloy weldable rebar for seismic design: yield 60–78 ksi (420–540 MPa), tensile ≥ 80 ksi and ≥ 1.25 × actual yield.	ASTM A706/A706M	420–540 MPa1	pending	Single source 4

Structural bolts

How the Property class 8.8 equivalents compare

Bolt property classes and their US counterparts. Class 8.8: 800 MPa tensile, 0.8 × 800 = 640 MPa yield.

Grade	Standard	Yield strength	Tensile strength	Closest to	Evidence
Property class 8.8 The everyday structural bolt: 800 MPa tensile, 640 MPa yield (nominal). Minimums rise above 16 mm diameter.	ISO 898-1	≥ 640 MPa1	≥ 800 MPa1	reference	Corroborated 1 Single source 6
Property class 10.9 High-strength structural bolt for preloaded joints: 1000 MPa tensile, 900 MPa yield (nominal).	ISO 898-1	≥ 940 MPa1	≥ 1 040 MPa1	reference	Corroborated 1 Single source 4
F3125 Grade A325 US heavy-hex structural bolt: 120 ksi (827 MPa) tensile, 92 ksi (634 MPa) yield. A325 now lives inside F3125.	ASTM F3125/F3125M	≥ 634 MPa2	≥ 827 MPa2	Property class 8.8Close match	Corroborated 2 Single source 1 Disagreements explained 1
F3125 Grade A490 US high-strength structural bolt: 150–173 ksi (1034–1193 MPa) tensile, 130 ksi (896 MPa) yield.	ASTM F3125/F3125M	≥ 896 MPa2	1 034–1 193 MPa2	Property class 10.9Close match	Corroborated 2

Planned groups

Very high-strength plate (S690Q, A514)
Rebar: HRB400/500 (GB 1499.2), 500N (AS/NZS 4671), SD390 (JIS)
Stainless and weathering steel